POLISH POLICE (German: Polnische Polizei), colloquially known as the “blue police”—a formation subject formally to the German Order Police (Ordnungspolizei), consisting of pre-war State Police officers, mainly responsible for keeping order. Members of the Polish Police served as guards along the walls of the ghetto, along with the German and Jewish policemen.
POLISH SOCIALIST PARTY (Polska Partia Socjalistyczna, PPS,) founded in 1892, one of the most important political forces in the interwar period and in the underground state during the occupation. It was often supported by Jewish voters.
QUARANTINE—places where the inhabitants of the ghetto were temporarily isolated as part of the fight against epidemic diseases. All refugees and displaced persons who arrived in the ghetto were also quarantined.
REICHSDEUTSCH (German: Reichsdeutsche)—a German who lived within the territory of the Reich or the Free City of Danzig at the outbreak of the war.
REICHSMARK—German currency between 1924 and 1948.
SA (DIE STURMABTEILUNGEN DER NSDAP, NSDAP Storm Trooper Units)—established in 1920, militia and military units of the NSDAP mass military organisation.
SCHOOLS—schools for Jewish children and youth were closed on 4 December 1939. However, from the outset of the occupation, clandestine classes were taught at all levels of education. After the autumn of 1940, public vocational education at the secondary school level was operating in the ghetto. Schools at the primary level were established in October 1941 and supervised by the Education Department of the Jewish Council. Supervision of the educational content and the choice of the language of instruction belonged to the school care centres. These schools, however, addressed the needs of only about 20 percent of the overall number of children living in the ghetto.
SMUGGLING—sneaking goods into and out of the ghetto. Goods smuggled out from the ghetto for sale included the pre-war property of inhabitants of the ghetto, as well as products manufactured in unofficial enterprises run within its walls. Items smuggled into the ghetto mostly included food and medicine. Smuggling took on many
