ally had three or four battalions, was more numerous. The position of the Kommandeur der Ordnungspolizei was held chronologically by Oberst Paul Worm, Oberstleutnant Joachim Stach, and SS-Obersturmbannführer SS Walter von Soosten (from early 1942 to August 1943). The Order Police forces reinforced the not particularly numerous Schutzpolizei and Gendarmerie posts. At the turn of 1942 and 1943 in the District, there were 1,083 quartered policemen, 706 gendarmes, and 210 policemen on Schutzpolizei posts.
Deportations of the elderly to the Bełżec killing centre began in late March 1942. By April, the Germans had deported some 15,000 people. The assembly centre, Durchgangslager, was located in the Jan III Sobieski School on Zamarstynowska Street, where a selection of “professionals” was conducted on the basis of individual requests of German entrepreneurs. In late June, approximately 2,000 people were executed on the spot. From 10–22 August, 40,000 Jews of Lvov were sent to death (in the “great deportation”). Another deportation took place between 18 and 20 November 1942, when approximately 10,000 people were deported to Bełżec. On 5–6 January 1943, the Germans conducted mass executions on the spot. That was when all Judenrat members were killed, 4,000 people were deported to Sobibór, and about 12,000 were killed at Piaski Łyczakowskie. The ghetto was transformed into a Judenlager (Julag), with approximately 20,000 prisoners. The position of the camp commandant was taken up by SS-Scharführer Wilhelm Mansfeld, followed by Józef Grzymek on 19 February. The camp was liquidated between 1 and 20 June 1943. Half of the detainees died under the rubble of the burnt-down ghetto and the rest were executed at Piaski Łyczakowskie. A month earlier a few thousand young men had been detained in the camp on Janowska Street.
The labour camp at Janowska Street 134 was established on the grounds of the Steinhaus mill machinery factory (TBM Construction Company). The German authorities transformed it into an SS-controlled arms factory (Deutsche Ausrüstungswerke [DAW]) with SS-Obersturmführer Fritz Gebauer as its director. The factory was significantly enlarged in September 1941, when new barracks were constructed and surrounded with barbed wire. Beginning 31 October, the Jews working there were forbidden to return home in the evening. On 2 March 1942 SS-Untersturmführer Gustaw Willhaus was appointed the camp commandant. In the spring of 1942 the camp began to receive transports of men also from the provinces and abroad. Another
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