Ukrainians. In the end, a paradoxical situation ensued: the handful of Jews who lived in the centre could regard themselves as safe, whereas those in the ghetto knew neither a day nor an hour of safety. [43] The possibility of leaving Lvov, so timely for all refugees from the western parts of Poland, looked rather bleak. Even though the Community was issuing passes signed by the Stadthauptmann714 (the price was 60 zlotys), they were not worth much, due first to their content (“I do not object to a given Jew’s departure from a given town”, signed by the Stadthauptmann) and second because there was no way to leave, as Jews were forbidden to travel by train. Even so, thousands applied for such passes, despite the fact that it was known that nobody had legally left Lvov with such a pass.
I chose the most frequently used means – departure by train without a pass – and reached Warsaw on 7 December without any difficulties. One thing struck me during my journey: the trains were filled with Aryan smugglers. Most of their conversations were about the Jewish issue, [44] characterised by such antisemitism and sometimes by almost fanatical hatred of Jews that I was baffled. All discussions on that topic ended with the same conclusion: “The only way we have benefitted from the Germans is [that now we know] how to deal with Jews”.
ARG I 860 (Ring. I/499, Ring. I/955)
Description: duplicate (2 copies and the third copy from Ring. I/955), handwritten (CA*), pencil, Polish, 148x208 mm, damages and losses of text, 132 sheets, 132 pages.
On p. 1 of the first copy (Ring. I/499) note by Hersh Wasser in Polish: “Via Flig[elman]”. Attached is a note by Hersh Wasser in Polish: “1939–1942. Manuscripts. “20 months in red Lvov”. Warsaw-Kovel-Lvov. Ludwik Klaczko recorded”.715 Edition based on the duplicate, 44 sheets, 44 pages.
