and culture, cultivating and developing Yiddish as the language of science, humanities and literature; it also succeeded in establishing important collections of books, manuscripts, synagogal objects, etc. In 1940 the main activities were moved to New York, and part of the surviving collections, via Germany, was also transferred there.
ZEN I T AR T I LL ER Y – popular name of anti-aircraft gun
Z L OT Y, Z L OT Y S – Polish currency
Glossary 2 – Terms Pertaining to Jewish Religion
BE T MI DRA S H (Hebrew, house of study) – place for studying religious texts, often a place of prayer as well
C HUP PA H – (Hebrew) canopy, tent; wedding canopy
G EM A R A – (Hebrew) to complete, to explain; rabbinical comments to Mishna; part of the Talmud
H AN U KK AH (Hebrew: dedication, renewal) – Festival of Lights, celebrated on on the 25th day of the month of Kislev (in December) to commemorate the victory of the Maccabees over Antiochus IV Epiphanes in 164 B.C.E. and the rededication of the Temple in Jerusalem
HE DER (Hebrew: chamber)—a traditional religious school for boys between the ages of 3–5 to 13
H ” I D / H”YD – abbreviation from Hebrew: God revenge his/her/their blood
HOSH A NA R AB B A – (Hebrew) great redemption; the seventh day of Sukkoth
K A DDIS H – one of the oldest, most important and frequently repeated prayers, praising God, his greatness and holiness; traditionally regarded as a prayer for the dead; requires a minyan
G L OSSARIES 644
